| Serum-SalivaCorrelation | 0.96 |
| Sensitivity | 1pg/mL |
| SampleTestVolume | 25μL |
| RecommendedCollectionVolume | 75μL* |
| SpecialConsiderations | No |
| CollectionProtocol | DownloadPDF |
TestosteroneisananabolicsteroidhormonesynthesizedfromandrostenedioneintheLeydigcellsofthe testes of males and,insmallerquantities,inthe ovaries of females.(1)Smallamountsarealsosecretedbythe adrenalglands inbothsexes. InbothmenandwomenalargeportionoftotaltestosteroneproductionoccursinperipheraltissuesbyconversionofcirculatingDHEA-S,DHEA,andandrostenedione. Inpost-menopausalwomen,theovariesandperipheraltissuescontinuetoproducetestosteroneandotherandrogens,whichthenserveasprecursorsforthesynthesisofestrADIolintheperipheraltissues.Theconversionofprecursorsintotestosteroneandtheestrogensinperipheraltissuesallowsthesesteroidstobedeliveredtotheappropriatetissueswithoutleakageofsignificantamountsintothecirculation,avoidingundesirableeffectsofhighcirculatinglevels.(2,3,4) Testosteroneexhibitsadiurnalrhythm,withhighestlevelsinthemorningandanadiraround midnight.(5,6)
Inmen,testosteroneplaysanimportantroleinthedevelopmentofmalereproductivetissuesincludingthe testis and prostate,aswellaspromotingsecondarysexualcharacteristicssuchasincreased muscle, bone mass,and hair growth.(7,8) Additionally,testosteroneisessentialforhealthandwell-being,stamina,sexualfunction,cardiovascularhealth,andimmuneprotection.(9,10,11,12) Testosteronemeasurementsaretypicallyusedforclinicalevaluationofhypogonadisminmalesandhyperandrogenicstatesinfemales.(13,14,15)
Inblood,only1to15%oftestosteroneisinitsunboundorBIOLOGicallyactiveform. Theremainingtestosteroneisboundtoserumproteins.Unboundtestosteroneentersthesalivaviaintracellularmechanisms,andinsalivathemajorityoftestosteroneisnotprotein-bound.(16) Theserum-salivacorrelationfortestosteroneisveryhighformales,butonlymodestforfemales,possIBLybecausewomen’svaluesoftenfallnearthebottomofthemeasurablerangeforbothserumandsalivaimmunoassaykits.(17,18)
- Labrie,F.,Luu-The,V.,Bélanger,A.,etal.(2005). Isdehydroepiandrosteroneahormone?JEndocrinol,187(2),169-96.
- Nakamura,Y.,Hornsby,P.J.,Casson,P.,etal.(2008). Type517β-hydroxysteroiddehydrogenase(AKR1C3)contributestotestosteroneproductionintheadrenalreticularis.JClinEndocrinolMetab,94(6),2192-98.
- Burger,H.G.(2002).Androgenproductioninwomen.FertilSteril,77(Suppl4),S3-5.
- Labrie,F.,Bélanger,A.,Cusan,L.,Candas,B.(1997). Physiologicalchangesindehydroepiandrosteronearenotreflectedbyserumlevelsofactiveandrogensandestrogensbutoftheirmetabolites:Intracrinology. JClinEndocrinolMetab,82(8),2403-9.
- Ankarberg,C.,Norjavaara,E.(1999). Diurnalrhythmoftestosteronesecretionbeforeandthroughoutpubertyinhealthygirls:Correlationwith17β-estradiolanddehydroepiandrosteronesulfate. JClinEndocrinolMetab,84(3),975-84.
- Diver,M.J.,Imtiaz,K.E.,Ahmad,A.M.,etal.(2003). Diurnalrhythmsofserumtotal,freeandbioavailabletestosteroneandofSHBGinmiddle-agedmencomparedwiththoseinyoungmen.ClinEndocrinol(Oxf),58(6),710-17.
- Rogol,A.D.,Clark,P.A.,Roemmich,J.N.(2000). Growthandpubertaldevelopmentinchildrenandadolescents:Effectsofdietandphysicalactivity. AmJClinNutr,72(2Suppl.),521S-28.
- Snyder,P.J.,Peachey,H.,Berlin,J.A.,etal.(2000).Effectsoftestosteronereplacementinhypogonadalmen. JClinEndocinolMetab,85(8),2670-77.
- Tibblin,G.,Adlerberth,A.,Lindstedt,G.,Björntorp,P.(1996). Thepituitary-gonadalaxisandhealthinelderlymen:Astudyofmenbornin1913. Diabetes,45(11),1605-9.
- Davis,S.R.,Tran,J.(2001).Testosteroneinfluenceslibidoandwellbeinginwomen.TrendsEndocrinolMetab,12(1),33-7.
- Wang,C.,Alexander,G.,Berman,N.,etal.(1996).Testosteronereplacementtherapyimprovesmoodinhypogonadalmen:Aclinicalresearchcenterstudy.JClinEndocrinolMetab,81(10),3578-83.
- Malkin,C.J.,Pugh,P.J.,West,J.N.,etal.(2006).Testosteronetherapyinmenwithmoderateseverityheartfailure:Adouble-blindrandomizedplacebocontrolledtrial. EurHeartJ,27(1),57-64.
- Bhasin,S.,Bremner,W.J.(1997).Clinicalreview85:Emergingissuesinandrogenreplacementtherapy. JClinEndocrinolMetab,82(1),3-8.
- Gibson,M.,Lackritz,R.,Schiff,I.,Tulchinsky,D.(1980).Abnormaladrenalresponsestoadrenocorticotropichormoneinhyperandrogenicwomen. FertilSteril,33(1),43-8.
- Rodin,A.,Thakkar,H.,Taylor,N.,Clayton,R.(1994).Hyperandrogenisminpolycysticovarysyndrome:Evidenceofdysregulationof11β-hydroxysteroiddehydrogenase. NEngJMed,330(7),460-65.
- Vining,R.F.,MicGinley,R.A.(1987).Themeasurementofhormonesinsaliva:Possibilitiesandpitfalls. JSteroidBiochem,27(1-3),81-94.
- Wang,C.,Plymate,S.,Nieschlag,E.,Paulsen,C.A.(1981).Salivarytestosteroneinmen:Furtherevidenceofadirectcorrelationwithfreeserumtestosterone. JClinEndocrinolMetab,53(5),1021-24.
- Rollin,G.(2010).Thetrialsoftestosteronetesting. ClinLabNews,36(8),1-5.
