| Serum-SalivaCorrelation | 0.92 |
| Sensitivity | 15pg/mL |
| SampleTestVolume | 25μL |
| RecommendedCollectionVolume | 100μL |
| SpecialConsiderations | FastingInsulin:Donotconsumefoodorbeveragewithineighthourspriortosalivacollection. GlucoseChallenge:Salivaryinsulinlevelslagapproximately1hourbehindbloodlevels. |
| CollectionProtocol | DownloadPDF |
Insulin,acoreanabolicpeptidehormone,isresponsIBLeforregulatingthemetabolismofnutrientssuchasglucoseandfattyacidstopromotetheirabsorptionintofat,liver,andskeletalmusclecells.Italsosuppressesthebreakdownofproteinsintoaminoacids.Circulatinginsulinlevelsstimulatecellularglucoseoxidation,glycogenesis,lipogenesis,andproteogenesistomaintainglucosehomeostasisandaremainlymodulatedbybetacellsintheisletsofLangerhansandhyperglycemichormonessuchascortisol,glucagonandgrowthhormones.Multiplesystems,aswellasmetabolicandneuralinfluencesco-functiontoregulateinsulinlevels.Prolongeddeficienciesininsulinregulationhavebeenlinkedtoamyriadofhealthrisks,includingmetabolicsyndrome,obesity,diabetesmellitus,waterbloating,highbloodpressure,endocrinedysfunctionsandincreasedlevelsofinflammatorycompoundsintheblood.
Insaliva,insulinsharesanearlinearcorrelationtofastingbloodlevelsandisareliablesurrogateforserummeasures,witha0.92correlation(Fabre2012).Duringanoralglucosetolerancetest,researchshowsa~30minutedelaybetweensalivaryinsulinandthespikeinseruminsulinlevels(Fekete1993).Overall,salivaryinsulinpresentsauniqueopportunitytomonitorinsulinlevelspriortodiseaseprogression.Elevatedfastinginsulinisahallmarkofinsulinresistance,whichcansupersedeTIIDdiseaseonsetbyseveralyearsandmaybeusedtojustifychangesinlifestyletoreducetheriskofdisease(TomoshigeHayashi2013).
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